Rupal Kalebere
Introduction
India’s defense modernization has consistently focused on equipping its forces with cutting-edge technology to safeguard its borders and ensure readiness in various operational environments. On September 3, 2024, the DAC approved capital acquisition proposals worth Rs 1,44,716 crore, with 99% of the acquisitions under the ‘Buy (Indian)’ and ‘Buy (Indian-Indigenously Designed, Developed, and Manufactured)’ categories. This emphasis on indigenous defense manufacturing marks a strategic shift aimed at boosting domestic defense production, enhancing self-reliance, and strengthening the country’s overall defense preparedness.
Honoring Legacy and Leadership: A Tribute to DG Rakesh Pal
At the very outset it was laudable that, Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh paid tribute to the late Indian Coast Guard Director General Shri Rakesh Pal, who passed away on August 18, 2024. DG Rakesh Pal’s contributions to the growth and modernization of the ICG were recognized by all DAC members, who observed a moment of silence in his memory. His legacy, particularly in enhancing ICG’s operational capabilities, will continue to inspire future leaders in India’s defense establishment.
Key Acquisitions and Their Strategic Significance
The approved capital acquisitions cover a broad spectrum of defense platforms and systems across the Army, Navy, and Coast Guard, reflecting a comprehensive approach to addressing India’s defense needs.
- Future Ready Combat Vehicles (FRCV)
The procurement of Future Ready Combat Vehicles (FRCV) represents a significant step in the modernization of India’s tank fleet. These vehicles, designed as futuristic Main Battle Tanks (MBTs), will enhance the Indian Army’s mobility, protection, and firepower. With multi-layered defense systems, superior firepower, and advanced situational awareness, the FRCV will provide the Indian Army with a decisive edge in armored warfare. This acquisition also underscores India’s ongoing efforts to develop indigenous platforms that cater to the Army’s specific operational needs.
- Air Defence Fire Control Radars
The DAC’s approval for Air Defence Fire Control Radars highlights the growing importance of air defense capabilities in modern warfare. These radars will enable the Indian Army to detect and track aerial targets and provide real-time firing solutions, crucial in an era where aerial threats—from drones to advanced aircraft—are becoming increasingly sophisticated. By investing in advanced radar technology, the Indian military is enhancing its defensive posture against air-based threats.
- Forward Repair Teams (Tracked)
Forward Repair Teams (FRTs) with tracked capabilities have been approved to support mechanized operations in the field. These units, developed by Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited (AVNL), are designed to provide on-site repair services, ensuring operational continuity during combat scenarios. The deployment of FRTs will improve the mobility and resilience of mechanized infantry battalions and armored regiments, enhancing the Army’s ability to maintain operational effectiveness in challenging terrains.
4. In another related development, Ministry of Defence, signed a Rs 26,000 crore deal with HAL to manufacture 240 aero-engines for the IAF’s Su 30 MKI aircraft. HAL Koraput, who have been making these engines in the past will operationlise this contract which is needed to sustain the operational capability of the Su-30 fleet.
Enhancing Maritime Security
The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) has been a critical component in maintaining the security of India’s vast maritime boundaries. With the approval of three capital acquisition proposals aimed at bolstering ICG’s capabilities, the DAC has ensured that India’s maritime defenses remain robust.
A. Dornier-228 Aircraft
The procurement of the Dornier-228 aircraft will significantly enhance ICG’s maritime surveillance capabilities. These aircraft, known for their durability and operational efficiency, are instrumental in patrolling India’s extensive Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), conducting search and rescue operations, and providing disaster relief. By enhancing its aerial capabilities, the ICG will be better equipped to respond to both security threats and humanitarian crises.
B. Next-Generation Fast Patrol Vessels (NGFPV) and Offshore Patrol Vessels (NGOPV)
The acquisition of Next-Generation Fast Patrol Vessels (NGFPV) and Offshore Patrol Vessels (NGOPV) will bolster the ICG’s surface fleet, ensuring high operational readiness in diverse maritime conditions. These vessels are equipped to operate in rough weather and are integral to conducting long-range patrols, search and rescue missions, and disaster response. With advanced technology and enhanced endurance, these vessels will significantly expand the ICG’s operational footprint in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), further safeguarding India’s maritime interests.
Strategic Implications
The decisions made by the DAC have far-reaching implications for India’s defense posture. The focus on indigenous production under the ‘Buy Indian’ categories aligns with the government’s ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ vision, fostering self-reliance in defense manufacturing and reducing dependence on foreign imports. Furthermore, these acquisitions address critical gaps in India’s defense capabilities, particularly in armored warfare, air defense, and maritime security.
The modernization of the Indian Army’s tank fleet with FRCVs ensures that India remains prepared for future armored conflicts, while the acquisition of Air Defence Fire Control Radars strengthens its air defense capabilities. For the Indian Coast Guard, the procurement of advanced aircraft and patrol vessels ensures that India can effectively monitor and safeguard its maritime zones.
Conclusion
The DAC’s approval of Rs 1.45 lakh crore worth of defense acquisitions marks a pivotal moment in India’s defense modernization journey. These acquisitions not only enhance the operational capabilities of the Indian Armed Forces but also contribute to the broader goal of making India a hub for indigenous defense manufacturing. However it is unclear as to how much of these acquisitions would be through the nomination route and what would be the level of private sector participation. The Buy(IDDM) is usually DPSU and DRDO combines and whether these are any different is not certain. Potentially the ICGG approvals for NGOPVs and NGFPV would be competitive and open to participation by private sector shipyards.
As India navigates an increasingly complex security environment, these acquisitions will play a crucial role in ensuring the nation’s defense preparedness, while also reinforcing its strategic autonomy. The focus on self-reliance and indigenization further strengthens India’s position as a rising power, ready to meet the challenges of the 21st century.